County Research Guide

Jefferson County, Ohio

Formed July 29, 1797 from Washington County — one of Ohio's original Northwest Territory counties · county seat Steubenville. Repository addresses, online record links, and a free printable record checklist below.

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Jefferson County, Ohio Genealogy & History

Short episodes that walk through Jefferson County's records, one record type at a time.

Formation · Settlers & Migration · Probate · Land · Tax · Churches · Newspapers · Where to Look

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Where the records are

Jefferson County Probate and Juvenile Court

301 Market St., 4th Floor, Steubenville, OH 43952 · (740) 283-8593

jeffersoncountyprobatejuvenile.com

Wills, estates, guardianships, adoptions, name changes, and marriage licenses.

Jefferson County Recorder

301 Market St., Steubenville, OH 43952 · (740) 283-8566

jeffersoncountyoh.com/recorder

Deeds, mortgages, oil & gas leases, easements, and military discharge records.

Jefferson County Clerk of Courts (Court of Common Pleas)

301 Market Street, Steubenville, OH 43952 · (740) 283-8510

jeffersoncountyoh.com

Divorces, civil suits (including partition suits that divide land among heirs), and Common Pleas journals. Before 1852, this court also handled wills and estates.

Jefferson County Auditor

301 Market Street, Steubenville, OH 43952 · (740) 283-8511

jeffersoncountyoh.com

Current tax lists and property transfer records. Early tax duplicates are on FamilySearch and at the Ohio History Connection.

Public Library of Steubenville and Jefferson County — Ohio Room

Schiappa Branch, 4141 Mall Dr., Steubenville, OH 43952 · (740) 264-6166

steubenvillelibrary.org/findinfo/history

4,400+ genealogy items, 1,000+ reels of newspaper microfilm, and a growing digitized newspaper database covering 1806–1888.

Jefferson County Chapter, Ohio Genealogical Society (JCCOGS)

125 S. 5th St., Steubenville, OH 43952 · (740) 283-8567

jeffcochapter.com · meets quarterly at the Schiappa Branch

Its own dedicated research library, separate from the public library. Runs a cemetery restoration/transcription project.

Jefferson County Historical Society — Vivian Snyder Historical & Genealogical Library

426 Franklin Ave., Steubenville, OH 43952 · (740) 283-1133

jeffcountyhistorical.org · Wed & Thu 10–3, Mar–Nov

A different organization from JCCOGS above, though it maintains its own genealogical library within the museum — worth checking both.

Jefferson County General Health District — Vital Statistics

Guy M. Tate Building, 500 Market St., 6th Floor, Steubenville, OH 43952

Birth certificates from 1876, death certificates from 1908. Records before those dates: Ohio History Connection or Probate Court.

Cemetery records

Find A Grave — Jefferson County and the JCCOGS Cemetery Restoration Project.

Not sure which office has what? See Which County Office Holds What.

Before Jefferson County existed

Jefferson County was formed in 1797 from Washington County. For records made before then, search the parent county:

Land: Seven Ranges

All of Jefferson County lies in the Seven Ranges, the first land surveyed under the Land Ordinance of 1785, laid out in townships and sections and sold by the federal government.

More for Jefferson County

Newspapers of Jefferson County

Titles that covered Jefferson County, historic and current, with where to search each one. Not every historic title has been digitized — several survive only on microfilm.

TitleYearsWhere to Search
Western Herald (and Steubenville Gazette)1806-1844Microfilm only — FamilySearch Library; Jefferson Co. OGS index
Jefferson Democrat and Farmers' & Mechanics' Advocate1831-1833GenealogyBank
True American (Steubenville)1855-1861Chronicling America (1855-58); Ohio Memory; GenealogyBank
Steubenville Weekly/Daily Herald1840s-1926GenealogyBank; NewspaperArchive.com; microfilm — Schiappa Library
Steubenville Weekly/Daily Gazette1865-1925Microfilm only — Public Library of Steubenville & Jefferson Co.
Steubenville Herald-Star1898-presentNewspaperArchive; Ancestry; current at heraldstaronline.com

Download the Newspaper Research Log (PDF)

Printable Record Checklist

Fill in what you're looking for, print it, and take it with you to the courthouse or library.

Brick Walls & Buckeyes emblem Brick Walls & Buckeyes brickwallsbuckeyes.com · Jefferson County, Ohio

Vital & Probate

Birth record (Health District 1876+)
Death record (Health District 1908+)
Marriage record (Probate Court)
Will / estate administration file
Guardianship record
Divorce or court case (Clerk of Courts)

Land & Property

Deed / land transfer (Recorder's Office)
Mortgage record
Oil & gas lease record
Military discharge record
Tax duplicate (Auditor, FamilySearch)
First land purchase or patent (BLM GLO or county deeds)

Community & Print

Newspaper mention (Herald-Star)
Naturalization record (JCCOGS)
Cemetery record / headstone photo
Museum artifact record (Historical Society)
Census record

Addresses and links last checked October 2026.

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